聪明脑瓜训练秘笈

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许多人认为智商是与生俱来的，因此特别羡慕别人有一个聪明的大脑。可是，越来越多的研究表明，其实通过一定的强化训练，聪明脑瓜是可以练成的。

Do you envy those people who have high IQ？Do you want to know some methods to improve your IQ so that you can be smarter in work, love and life？According to a recent scientific research, it shows that one’s intelligence can be improved by “braining training”―and it’s not just an improvement of one or two IQ points.

IQ, measured by a battery of tests that capture a wide range of cognitive skills, from verbal to analytical and beyond, has long been thought to be unchanged throughout one’s life.

But according to a recent groundbreaking study published in science magazine Nature, IQ can rise by a staggering 21 points or fall by 18 over four years.

Cognitive scientist Cathy Price of University College London, UK, and her colleagues found that IQ changes are linked to structural changes in the brain.

More specifically, the density and volume of the gray matter changed in the brains of those people with significantly improved IQ points.

Recent research has also shown that short-term memory, traditionally regarded as only one aspect of one’s IQ, may in fact be the lever that can raise overall intelligence.

Scientists led by Susanne Jaeggi of the University of Michigan, US, found that short-term memory may be the foundation of pure intelligence to a greater extent than anyone suspected.

They trainedvolunteers on a difficult short-term-memory task: simultaneously hearing a string of letters and seeing a series of computer screens that had a blue square in different places. The volunteers then had to identify when the spoken letter or the square’s position matched that of several screens earlier. The more they practiced their short-term memory, the greater the improvement in the purest form of brain power, fluid intelligence―the ability to reason and solve problems independently with existing knowledge. The same results have also been achieved in school-age kids.

The other brain element you can train to raise your IQ is attention. Scientists have shown over and over that attention is the requisite condition of learning and thus of boosting intelligence.

While improving your brain takes work, the good news is that there are some accessible ways to go about it. Aerobic exercise, for one, is very good for both the brain and muscles.

Walking 30 minutes a day five times a week stimulates production of a molecule that nurtures the creation of the new neurons and synapses that underlie learning.

Scientists have also found that exercise increases gray matter in the region of the brain that processes new knowledge and sends it to be stored permanently in the frontal cortex, helping one become more knowledgeable.

A midday nap not only can restore brain power to its fully awake best but can also raise it beyond what it would have been without some shut-eye. What’s more, learning a second language can also help.

注：

a battery of 一连串的

例如：They met a battery of trouble when travelling abroad. 他们出国旅游时遇到了一连串的麻烦。

cognitive skills 认知能力

verbal adj. 言语的

groundbreaking adj. 开创性的

例如：He raised a groundbreaking idea just now. 他刚提出了一个开创性的想法。

staggering adj. 令人惊愕的

density n. 密度

simultaneously adv.同时地

requisite adj. 必备的

aerobic exercise 有氧运动

molecule n. 分子

underlie vt. 成为……的基础

frontal cortex 前额叶

shut-eye n. 睡眠