教你正确用(三十六)
开篇：润墨网以专业的文秘视角，为您筛选了一篇教你正确用(三十六)范文，如需获取更多写作素材，在线客服老师一对一协助。欢迎您的阅读与分享！
Writing Tips――英文写作常识 (1)
Many readers asked me about how to improve their writing skills. I personally think writing is the most important and also the most difficult part in learning English as a second language. Today, we’ll talk about some basic rules in English writing. If, somehow, your teacher taught you things that are different from what I am going to tell you below, please follow your teacher, because she or he is the one who will grade your paper.
(1)连接两个句子
两个完整的句子(即句中包括主语及动词)一般有两种方法连接:
a.用逗号加连接词
She came to see him, but he was not home.
b.用分号
She came to see him; he was not home.
以下为 “跑句”(run-on sentence), 错误句法：
She came to see him, he was not home.
She came to see him he was not home.
以下在句子短的情况下有时被接受，但不鼓励。
She came to see him but he was not home.
(2)连接三个以上的句子
连接三个句子的方法一般可分为3种:
a.用逗号加连接词(多用于简单句型)
John’s father is a professor, his mother is a nurse, and all his three older brothers are serving in the Army.
b.用分号
John’s father has been teaching in this college for 30 years; his mother married his father after she got her nursing degree; all his three older brothers joined the Army after high school and later served in Iraq.
c. 分号加连接词
John’s father has been teaching in this college for 30 years; his mother married his father after she got her nursing degree; and all his three older brothers joined the Army after high school and later served in Iraq.
在上下文清楚的情况下, 有时也可以用句号加连接词
John’s father has been teaching in this college for 30 years. His mother married his father after she got her nursing degree. And all his three older brothers joined the Army after high school and later served in Iraq.
(3) 连接词组
数个词或词组由逗号和连接词连接，一般有两种方法:
a. There are several things on the table: a pen, a book, and a pair of glasses.
b. There are several things on the table: a pen, a book and a pair of glasses.
第二句中省略连接词前的逗号。
(4) 词组排列的格式
词组排列的顺序应按习惯、逻辑、时间及复杂程度。
a.习惯
At the train station, he hugged his father, his mother, and all his brothers.
b.逻辑
... and that government, of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth (Abraham Lincoln).
c.时间
He is a war hero in World War Ⅰ, World War Ⅱ, and the Korean Conflict.
d.简单在前, 复杂在后
... that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (US Declaration of Independence).
(5) 逗号的用法
a.连接句子：见（1）
b.连接词组：见（2）
c.分离从句、片语
一般情况下，从句在主句之前，要用逗号分开；从句在主句之后可以不用逗号
Because he did a good job in sales, the company promoted him to the sales manager position.
The company promoted him to the sales manager position because he did a good job in sales.
以上规则可以用于分离片语
Because of his good work, the company promoted him to the sales manager position.
The company promoted him to the sales manager position because of his good work.
d.分离时间、地名
美国的时间排列顺序习惯上是月、日、年，需要用逗号分开
He went to New York in January, 1980, and stayed there for the rest of his life.
On November 8th, 1956, his first son was born.
地名排列顺序习惯上是从小到大，需要用逗号分开
Abraham Lincoln made his famous Gettysburg address on November 19th, 1863, in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
He lived in New York, the United States, for 20 years.
(6) 引号及其他标点符号
在英文写作中，标点符号和引号的关系可大致分为下列几种:
a.逗号与句号在引号内
“Creative governments will always be ‘out of channels,’” he told a New York Times reporter.
He was known to the local people as “the big dude.”
b.分号与冒号在引号外
Dr. King said in his famous “I have a dream” speech: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
He was known to the local people as “the big dude”; the locals liked him very much.
c.问号与感叹号如果是引用句的一部分，在引号内；否则在引号外
This morning, did you drive by the “Bird Nest”?
Kennedy asked in 1961: “Were we truly men of courage―with the courage to stand up to one’s enemies―and the courage to stand up, when necessary, to one’s associates?”
So much for writing tips for one day. I hope today’s column will be of some help to you when you write your next essay in English.省略 if you have a question or would like to share a thought. Take good care and keep in touch.
（责编：张雯）