动物趣事 第6期

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The crow is an ordinary bird. It is about twenty inches long and black all over. Crows are dirty birds because they live on old bed food. Crows eat a lot of waste food. In this way they are more useful to us than any other birds. They clean up the dirty things in our streets. Crows are always hungry. They look for food all day long, and in the evening you can see them in large numbers flying back to their nests in the trees. They sleep there at night.

Crows are much noisier than other birds. Very often a large number of crows will get together on one house and talk. Sometimes they talk together, and sometimes they do it by turns like human beings. It is easy to tell from crows' sounds whether they are pleased or angry. Perhaps crows talk a lot because they are friendly birds. A pair of crows will live together all their lives, and if one of them dies, the other becomes very sad and quiet for the rest of its life and sometimes it dies too.

The earthworm is a useful animal. Out of the ground, it is food for other animals. In the ground, it makes rich soil for fields and gardens.

Earthworms dig tunnels（地洞）that loosen the soil and make it easy for air and water to reach the roots of plants. These tunnels help to keep the soil well draind（排水）.

Earthworms drag dead leaves, grass and flowers into their burrows（地洞）. When this plant material decays（腐烂）, it makes the soil more fertile（肥沃的）.

No other animal is so useful in building up good topsoil. It is estimated（据估计）that in one year fifty thousand earthworms carry about eighteen tons of fine soil to the surface of an acre（英亩）of land. One worm may add three quarters of a pound of earth to the topsoil.

The elephant is the only animal in the world with a trunk（长鼻）. It uses its trunk in many ways. It pulls leaves off trees with its trunk and then puts them into its mouth. It can even use its trunk to pull up trees when it wants to make a path through the jungle（丛林）.It also uses its trunk to get water. The trunk can hold a lot of water, as an elephant needs to drink more than three hundred pints of water every day.

When an elephant is angry, its tusks（象牙）can be very dangerous. The tusks of an elephant are really its front teeth. People pay a lot of money for the ivory（象牙）of an elephant's tusks. In Africa men have hunted elephants for their tusks. The ivory from the tusk is made into many beautiful things.

It has been easy for men to train elephants in Asia. They use elephants to carry heavy things for long distances.

Many people say that the kings of Siam（暹罗，现泰国）used to give white elephants to people whom they did not like. These white elephants were sacred（神圣的）and they could not be made to work. They could not be killed or given away. A person who owned a white elephant had to pay a lot of money to keep it properly. After a certain time, he usually became very poor. Nowadays people in England call a useless thing“a white elephant”.