A Summary of the Svmbols in the Four Themes bv Yeats

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摘要：叶芝是诺贝尔文学奖的获得者，而且第一位诗人获得者。他是象征文学流派的领军人物。在过去的一百年中，他始终处于文学中心位置。象征使叶芝的诗歌充满了无穷的魅力，而他的象征体系则由“人类命运”,“生与死”,“爱情”和“爱尔兰之情”组成。本文将分上下两部分对叶芝的四大象征主题进行总结。

Part Two

3. The summary of the Symbols in the Theme of Love by yeats

Love can be found all through Yeats’ poetic careers. His profound feelings for Maud Gonne moved the whole world. He wooed to her again and again but he got the mitten again and again, which made him write out a series of heart-touching and heart-breaking poems. Because of political reason, Gonne finally cut off Yeats’ passion for her. The poet was unfortunate, but the readers of the world are fortunate.

Many a time Yeats recalled the moment when he first met with Gonne. The moment changed all his life. From the moment, he wrote out a lot of poems which readers couldn’t tear themselves away with. In the poem The Arrow, the arrow symbolizes love. The arrow is thrust into the marrow, which shows Gonne’s beauty and charm. The “apple blossom” symbolizes Gonne, which makes her beauty imaginable and unimaginable as well. During this period, Yeat’s poems were mostly about the relations between Gonne and him. In his poems, rose that universally symbolizes the beloved only refers to Gonne. Upon Gonne Yeats piled the most beautiful sentences and the most beautiful symbols that he could find.

But Gonne was a very firm Irish nationalist devoting all herself to the movement for the Irish independence. Politics was the sole standard with which she judged a man. After being refused by Gonne many times, Yeats no longer used rose to symbolize Gonne. In the poem A Woman Homer Sung, the symbol for Gonne became Helen, a woman who was extremely pretty and for whom Troy City was occupied by the opponents. Yeats thought the two were very beautiful but they were destructive.

No matter how Yeats dissuaded her, Gonne didn’t hear of him. Seeing her determination for politics was so firm, Yeats knew it was impossible for him to gain love from her. In the poem The People, Gonne first appears as “Phoenix.” Phoenix is the symbol of undying and rebirth or some one who is very beautiful. Yeats mentioned nothing of love in the poem, which showed that Yeats had lowered his desire to seek love from Gonne. The change of symbol meant that Yeats had changed his love for Gonne into friendship.

In spite of the change of the symbol for Gonne, Yeats’ passion for her was not changeable. The poem When You Are Old moves all reader to tears. Reader can’t put down the poem when finishing reading the last word of it. “The glowing bars” symbolizes the fire of love that will never die. “Your pilgrim’s soul” refers to Gonne’s determination to fight for the Irish independence as firm as a rock. The whole poem is the symbol of love that the real love for a person is unconditional whether she is young or old, pretty or ugly.