高一上第一学段 Module 3―4
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本模块知识网络
模块常用短语、重点词汇及语法
一、常用短语
in the air 在空中
get on/off上 上（车、船等）
get into/out of 上/下（车）
take off 脱掉；起飞
on the coast 海岸； 沿海岸
in the central part of 在……中心部分
in the middle of 在……中间
look out of 向……外看
at midnight 在午夜
out of date 过时的；陈旧的
not... any more 不再……
refer to 指的是；谈到；涉及
at a/the speed of 以……速度
be short of 缺乏；短缺
be short for 简称；是……的缩写
so far/up to now/till now 到目前为止
go up 上升；上涨
make money 挣钱
put up 修建；张贴
get away from 摆脱
a number of 许多；大量
a great many 许多；大量
make it 做成某事
二、重点词汇
A. 大纲词汇
shoot vt.（shot，shot）射杀
train vt. 训练
frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓
park vt. 停车
afford vt. 买得起；支付得起
sound vi. 听起来
starve vi. 饿死
distance n. 距离
desert n. 沙漠
diamond n. 钻石
midnight n. 半夜
soil n. 土壤
journey n. 旅程
kindergarten n. 幼儿园
event n. 事件
track n. 轨道
district n. 地区；区域
traffic n. 交通
downtown adj. 商业区的；市中心的
fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的
pretty adv. 很；相当
B. 大纲外常用词汇
bother vt. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦
approach vt. 接近
exchange vt. 交换
survive vi. 死里逃生；大难不死
contact vt. 联络；联系（某人）
tram n. 电车
camel n. 骆驼
expert n. 专家
scenery n. 风景；景色
circus n. 马戏团
stadium n. 运动场；体育场
eagle n. 鹰
apartment n.（美）公寓；单元住宅
cartoon n. 卡通；漫画
interview n. 面试；面谈
interviewer n.（面试时的）主考官；面谈者
rail n. 铁轨
ceremony n. 仪式
souvenir n. 纪念品
survey n. 调查
suburb n. 城郊；郊区
rent n. 租金
harbour n. 海港
architecture n. 建筑
committee n. 委员会
household n. 家属；家人
occupation n. 职业
gallery n. 美术馆；画廊
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
exhausted adj. 疲惫不堪的
professional adj. 专业的
local adj. 地方的；局部的
fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的
三、语法
1. 动词-ed形式作定语；
2. 一般过去时；
3. 现在完成时；
4. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
重点词汇及短语精析
1. distance n. 距离；间距
【用法精析】
What’s the distance between New Youk City and Boston （= from New Youk City to Boston）？
纽约市离波士顿有多远？
Distance is no problem on the Internet.
在互联网上距离已不成问题。
【拓展】
（1） at/from a distance （of） 离一段距离；从远处；久远地
（2） in the distance 在远处；在远方
2. abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；被放弃的
The police found the lost treasure in an abandoned well.
警察在一口废弃的井里找到了丢失的财宝。
We came across an abandoned puppy on the porch.
我们在走廊上发现了一只被遗弃的小狗。
【拓展】
abandon vt. 废弃，遗弃；放弃
We will never abandon our principles.
我们不会放弃原则。
3. journey n. 旅程
【用法精析】
比较journey，travel和trip的区别：
journey常指陆地上远距离的“旅行”，也可指常走的“路程”；travel多指长时间、远距离的“旅行”，作名词时常用复数形式；trip常指时间短、距离近的“旅行，远足”。在日常用语中，trip可与journey通用。
Dr Ryan travelled the world gathering material for his book.
瑞安博士周游世界为他的书搜集资料。
I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays.
暑假期间我将去海边旅行。
4. frighten v. 使吃惊；惊吓
Some people are frightened of thunder， others of snakes.
有的人怕打雷，有的人怕蛇。
She was frightened to look down when she has to travel by air.
她乘飞机时害怕往下看。
【拓展】
frightened adj. 害怕的，受惊的
frightening adj. 骇人的；引起恐惧的
5. event n. 事情；大事；事件
We are closely following the development of world events.
我们在严密注视国际局势的发展。
【用法精析】
比较event，accident，matter和affair的区别：
event尤指重要事件；accident指事故，强调突发事件或偶发事件；matter指毛病，问题；affair通常用复数指事务，事态。
She was injured badly in the car accident.
她在车祸事故中受重伤。
We have more important matters to think about.
我们还有更重要的问题需要考虑。
I have been very interested in foreign affairs.
我对外交事务感兴趣。
6. sound v. 听起来
n. 声音；声响
【用法精析】
（1） sound可作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后面接形容词或分词作表语，不接副词。
She didn’t sound surprised when I told her the news.
我把消息告诉她时，她好像并不感到惊讶。
（2） 比较sound，voice和noise的区别：
sound作为名词意为“声音，响声”，泛指人们所听到的任何声音；voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱等的声音，用于其它方面时常含“悦耳”之声；noise指“噪音、喧闹”等人们不愿听到的声音。
I heard the sound of running water.
我听见流水声。
She has a loud voice.
她有一个大嗓门。
Stop making so much noise！
别发出那么多噪音！
7. bother v. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦
【用法精析】
（1） bother with/about sth 花费精力或时间于某事
It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella―the car’s just outside.
不必打伞，汽车就在外面。
（2） botherabout/with sth 使（某人）烦恼；给（某人）
造成麻烦
I’m sorry that I have to bother you with this problem.
对不起，我不得不用这个问题来麻烦你了。
（3） don’t bother意为“不必费心”，主要用于口语，表示婉拒对方提出的善意帮助。
― Shall I help you with the washing up？
要不要我帮你洗碗？
― Don’t bother. I’ll do it later.
不必麻烦了，我等一会再洗。
8. afford v. 买得起；有能力支付
【用法精析】
afford直接跟名词或动词不定式作宾语，常和情态动词can或be able to连用。
An employer cannot afford to hire incapable workers.
一个雇主不能出钱雇用没有能力的工人。
We weren’t able to afford to buy such an expensive car at that time.
我们那时买不起这么昂贵的汽车。
9. survive v. 死里逃生；大难不死
【用法精析】
（1） survive后常跟from表示“从……存活”。
Of the six people injured in the plane crash， only two survived.
在飞机坠毁中受伤的六个人中，只有两个人活了下来。
（2） survive on 靠……存活，维持生活
I can’t survive on￡40 a week.
一个星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
10. contact v. & n. 联络；联系某人
We agreed to contact again as soon as possible.
我们同意尽快再次联系。
【用法精析】
（1） be in contact with 和……有联系
Have you been in contact with your sister recently？
最近你和你的姐姐有联系吗？
（2） be out of contact with 失去联系
The opposing forces are now out of contact with each other.
敌对双方现已停止接触。
（3） stay （keep） in contact with 与……保持联系
Though they haven’t seen each other for a long time， they still stay in contact with each other online.
尽管已很长时间没见面了，他们仍在网上保持联系。
（4） make contact with 与……取得联系
They made contact with headquarters by radio.
他们用无线电跟总部取得了联系。
11. refer to 指的是；提到；谈及；参考；查阅
This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
这一段说的是去年发生的事。
By way of illustration I’ll refer to the behavior of rabbits.
我将举例说明兔子的行为。
Her mother never referred to him again.
她母亲再也没有提到过他。
You may refer to your notes if you want.
如果需要，可以查阅笔记。
12. not...any more 不再
I won’t try to do the stupid things any more.
我不会再做愚蠢的事情了。
【用法精析】
比较not...any more与not...any longer：
not...any more = no more，表示数量和程度不再增加，一般指今后不再，多用于将来时。not...any longer = no longer，表示时间和距离不再延长， 多指现在与过去相比。
My shoes have been repaired three times. They can’t be repaired any more.
我的鞋已修了三次了，不能再修了。
I have waited here two hours. I can’t wait any longer.
我已经在这儿等了两小时了。我不能再等了。
13. a number of 许多；大量
【用法精析】
a number of，the number of，numbers of 均修饰可数名词，区别如下：
（1） a number of 许多；大量（谓语动词用复数）
A number of students have read this book.
很多学生都读了这本书。
（2） the number of ……的数目（谓语动词用单数）
The number of giant pandas is growing.
大熊猫的数量在增加。
（3） numbers of 很多（谓语动词用复数）
Huge numbers of birds have flocked together by the lake.
成群的鸟聚集在湖畔。
14. a great many 许多；大量
【用法精析】
a great many也可以换成a good many，修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。
The young couple has traveled a great many cities since they got married.
这对年轻夫妇自从结婚后已经旅行了很多城市。
A great many students were sent to the West to help the children there.
大量学生被派往西部帮助那里的孩子。
15. put up 修建；提高；建立， 树立；公布
【用法精析】
（1） 提高（价格）；增加
They know he would put their taxes up.
他们知道他会增加对他们的征税。
（2） 建造，搭建
He was putting up a new fence at his home.
他正在为自己家搭建新的篱笆墙。
（3） 张贴，公布
They’re putting new street signs up.
他们正在悬挂新的路标。
考点提示：
1. 单项填空中考查冠词时，题中常设两空。
2. 考题分布于单项填空与短文改错，且常各设一题。
一、定冠词the
1. 定冠词最根本的特点：特指，其意义理解为“这”或“那”。特指上文提到的人或物、特指说话者双方知晓的人或物、特指被限定性修饰语加以限定的人或物等等。
2. “定冠词the + 形容词或过去分词”表示一类人或事物，如：the wounded 伤员。
“定冠词the + 表示国籍的形容词”表示该国全体人民，如：the French法国人。
二、不定冠词a/an
1. 不定冠词最根本的特点：泛指，其意义理解为“一”、“某一”、“每一”等。泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或物。
2. 不定冠词a与an的使用区别：a用在以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前。特别注意以下单词前要用a：European，universal，university，usual，useful等。an用在以元音音素开头的单词或字母前。特别注意以下单词前要用an：hour，honest，honour，honoured等。
三、零冠词（不用冠词）
1. 不可数名词前通常不用冠词，但用作特指或转为表示具体意义时，则要用定冠词或不定冠词。如：the joy of helping others.
2. 名词前已有其他限定性词（指示代词、不定代词、物主代词、数词等）作定语时，其前不用冠词。
四、冠词表类指：冠词可用来指具有共同性质特征的事物的类别。
可数名词： 不可数名词：
a/an+单数名词 零冠词 + 不可数名词
the+单数/复数名词
零冠词+复数名词
五、惯用语中的冠词用法
冠词在惯用语、固定词组中的用法是考点。尤其注意惯用语、固定词组中是否有冠词，如：by train/bus/car； by the day/month； in hospital； in charge of/in the charge of； a good knowledge of.
1. （2012年四川卷） We are said to be living in ___ Infor-mation Age， ___ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an； the B. 不填； the
C. 不填； a D. the； a
2. （2012年全国卷Ⅱ） Sarah looked at ___ finished painting with ___ satisfaction.
A. 不填； a B. a； the
C. the； 不填 D. the； a
3. （2012年安徽卷） Carl is studying ___ food science at college and hopes to open up ___ meat processing factory of his own one day.
A. 不填； a B. 不填； the
C. the； a D. the； the
4. （2012年山东卷） Being able to afford ___ drink would be ___ comfort in those tough time.
A. the； the B. a； a
C. a； 不填 D. 不填； a
5. （2012年重庆卷） Sam has been appointed ___ manager of the engineering department to take ___ place of George.
A. 不填； 不填 B. the； 不填
C. the； the D. 不填； the
6. （2011年全国卷Ⅰ） It is generally accepted that ___ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ___ man.
A. a； a B. a； the
C. the； the D. a； 不填
7. （2012年全国卷Ⅱ） As he reached ___ front door， Jack saw ___ strange sight.
A. the； 不填 B. a； the
C. 不填； a D. the； a
8. （2011年山东卷） Take your time―it’s just ___ short distance from here to ___ restaurant.
A. 不填； the B. a； the
C. the； a D. 不填； a
9. （2011年浙江卷） Experts think that ___ recently dis-covered painting may be ___ Picasso.
A. the； 不填 B. a； the
C. a； 不填 D. the； a
10. （2010 年四川卷） In ___ most countries， a university degree can give you ___ flying start in life.
A. the； a B. the； 不填
C. 不填； 不填 D. 不填； a
11. （2010年北京卷） First impressions are the most lasting. After all， you never get ___ second chance to make ___ first impression.
A. a； the B. the； the
C. a； a D. the； a
12. （2009年四川卷） In order to find ___ better job， he decided to study ___ second foreign language.
A. the； a B. a； a
C. the； the D. a； the
13. （2008 年四川卷） In the United States， there is always ___ flow of people to areas of ___ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a； the B. the； a
C. the； the D. a； a
14. At midnight they reached ___ small village ___ east of the Yellow River.
A. a； 不填 B. a； the
C. the； the D. the； an
15. It seemed that ___ college students began to be admired by most young people in ___ eighties.
A. 不填； 不填 B. the； the
C. the； 不填 D. 不填； the
16. Wouldn’t it be ___ wonderful world if all nations lived in ___ peace with one another？
A. a； 不填 B. the； 不填
C. a； the D. the； the
17. It’s quite clear that the aging population in China will cause ___ heavy pressure on ___ whole society in the future.
A. a； a B. the； 不填
C. a； the D. 不填； the
18. The most important thing about cotton in ___ history is ___ part that it played in the Industrial Revolution.
A. 不填； the B. 不填； 不填
C. the； the D. the； 不填
19. When you finish reading the book， you will have ___ good knowledge of ___ English language.
A. a； an B. a； the
C. 不填； the D. 不填； 不填
20. For a long time they walked without saying ___ word. Jim was the first to break ___ silence.
A. the； a B. a； the
C. a； 不填 D. the； 不填
21. Mr White， who comes from ___ European country， has formed the habit of attending ___ church on Sundays.
A. an； a B. a； the
C. a； 不填 D. an； 不填
22. Chinese students may have ___ good control of ___ English grammar， yet unable to express their ideas in conversation.
A. the； 不填 B. a； the
C. a； 不填 D. 不填； the
23. ― Why are you looking at them in ___ surprised
expression？
― Don’t you think ___ question is surprising？
A. 不填； the B. a； the
C. a； a D. the； a
24. I knew ___ girl on the left， who was made ___ monitor in Class Three yesterday.
A. the； the B. a； the
C. the； 不填 D. a； 不填
25. I don’t know who invented ___ telescope， but I think it is ___ most useful.
A. the； the B. the； a
C. a； the D. a； a
26. （2011年成都诊断） You can be ___ success， but you don’t need to be ___ Bill Gates to be successful.
A. a； a B. the； 不填
C. the； the D. 不填； the
27. （2011年成都诊断） To test ___ danger of playing computer games without enough sleep， scientists did ___ experiment.
A. a； 不填 B. a； the
C. the； an D. 不填； an
28. （2011年成都诊断） ___ freezing snow， which is still heavy， will come to ___ end this weekend.
A. 不填； an B. The； 不填
C. The； an D. An； the
29. （2010年成都诊断） ___ Chengdu you see today is ___ different city from what it used to be.
A. The； a B. 不填； the
C. A； the D. The； 不填
30. （2010年成都诊断） ― Jack， don’t just repeat what ___ teacher of our class has told us. Try to express yourself in your own words.
― OK. Er， could I have ___ discussion with my classmates
first？
A. the； the B. a； a
C. a； the D. the； a
综合能力提升
（满分120分；时间80分钟）
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. I tried to find a table for five at the weekend， but they were all ___ .
A. taken up B. given out
C. given away D. taken off
2. Standing on the top of the mountain， you can get a good ___ of the whole city.
A. sight B. look
C. view D. scenery
3. Although Tommy lost his arms during the war， his wife Julie loves him so much that she will ___ leave him.
A. by all means B. by means of
C. by any means D. by no means
4. Mr Banks is ___ a college lecturer； he is a short-story writer， too.
A. less than B. more than
C. no more D. much more
5. He often uses that ___ look to make all of us ___ to death.
A. frightened； frightening B. frightening； frightening
C. frightening； frightened D. frightened； frightened
6. It used to ___ decades for one country to adopt another technology.
A. take B. cost
C. make D. spend
7. ― Remember the first time we met， Bob？
― Of course I do. You ___ in the library.
A. read B. had read
C. have read D. were reading
8. ___ air and water are badly endangering the health of the residents.
A. Polluting B. Pollute
C. Polluted D. To pollute
9. He’ll never forget his stay there ___ he found his daughter who had gone missing one year before.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
10. ― I’m sorry he was so rude to you.
― Don’t ___ it. He was just in bad mood.
A. care about B. talk about
C. bother about D. think about
11. ___ the roads and the houses were rebuilt after the earth-quake.
A. A great deal B. A great many of
C. A great deal of D. A great many
12. We can no longer ___ to treat water as an almost free and endless resource.
A. afford B. admit
C. offer D. expect
13. One piece of furinture is ___ . People live on this floor can’t get through.
A. in one way B. in some ways
C. in a way D. in the way
14. He invited me to a dance ___ Christmas Eve.
A. at B. on
C. in D. by
15. The price ___ ， but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went up B. was going up
C. has gone up D. will go up
第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Sometimes your biggest weakness can become your biggest strength.
A boy who had lost his left arm in a car 16 began to take lessons with an old Japanese Judo master. The boy was doing 17 ； however， the master taught him only one 18 .
19 the boy felt surprised， he said nothing but do as the master asked him to do.
Several months later， the master took the boy to his 20
tournament（锦标赛）. Surprising himself， the boy easily 21
his first two matches.
The third match 22 to be difficult， but after some time， his opponent（对手）became 23 and careless； the boy simply used his one move to win the match. Still 24 by his success， the boy was now in the final.
This time， his opponent was bigger， stronger， and more
25 . For a while， the boy 26 to be overmatched. Concerned that the boy might 27 hurt， the referee（裁判）called a time-out. He was about to stop the match 28 the master prevented it.
“No.” the master 29 ， “Let him go on.” 30 the match continued， his opponent made a big 31 ： he lost his balance. Instantly， the boy used his move to defeat him. The boy had won the match and the tournament. He was the 32 .
On the way home， the boy took the 33 to ask what was really in his mind. “Master， how did I win the tournament with only one move？”
“You won for two reasons，” the master answered. “First， you’ve almost 34 one of the most difficult moves in all of Judo. Second， the only known 35 for that move is for your opponent to catch your left arm.”
16. A. incident B. accident C. affair D. matter
17. A. well B. badly C. disappointedly D. terribly
18. A. chance B. round C. move D. return
19. A. Before B. When C. Until D. Though
20. A. last B. first C. second D. third
21. A. beat B. won C. lost D. defeat
22. A. proved B. asked C. decreased D. touched
23. A. skilled B. careful C. impatient D. smart
24. A. cheated B. moved C. exited D. amazed
25. A. proper B. hopeful C. experienced D. serious
26. A. appeared B. suggested C. happened D. felt
27 . A. make B. get C. grow D. fall
28. A. then B. suddenly C. when D. as
29. A. ordered B. declared C. promised D. insisted
30. A. Soon after B. Long before C. Not until D. Even if
31. A. discovery B. decision C. mistake D. fortune
32. A. hero B. champion C. success D. model
33. A. spirit B. result C. strength D. courage
34. A. lost B. mastered C. understood D. recognized
35. A. shortcoming B. method C. defense D. means
第二部分 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
Teaching is an universally acknowledged important profession for various reasons. Teaching in China also sees a steadily increased importance by and by， which makes it a most-wanted job choice for more and more people.
I dare say those who want to get employed in the field don’t know much about teaching to some degree or at least they are making a decision hurriedly. They are only led or misled to choose it to some degree by the mass media（大众媒体）.
Teaching enjoys a long history in the history of China and it has been doing great good to the development of people’s good virtue and morality（美德）. Yet it takes far longer time for teaching to show its real value so that some of the people think low of it and turn their attention away from it.
Teachers， who are to teach， therefore， are experiencing the same treatment. Everyone realizes teaching and teachers’ importance but few want to be on their side. Whenever there is a problem concerning education or schooling， teachers will be blamed and criticized. People have got no possibility to blame the system or the policy-making body but they can do that face to face with a teacher. To make things worse， the expectation from parents on their kids is so high that nearly every parent is thinking that his or her kid is the best， which is surely not the case in reality. The result of the gap（分歧）between teachers and parents is that the teachers will take the responsibility because parents have the right to “buy” what they want with the money they have paid. Is the money in the teachers’ pockets？ Is there anything people can’t buy with money？
Teachers’ work is the work on people who will think at their will. Can they get all the students into believing in them only by talking to the students？ What else can teachers do to help？
Learn to understand and be patient.
36. Which is the best title for this passage？
A. The History of Teaching
B. Teaching and Teachers
C. Teaching―a Very Important Job
D. Criticism on Teaching and Teachers
37. What can you infer from the first two paragraphs？
A. Teaching is very important.
B. More people who want to be teachers know nothing about teaching at all.
C. China places teaching in a more important position.
D. The mass media may mislead people in choosing jobs.
38. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean ？
A. Teachers play an important role in teaching.
B. Teachers are often criticized for their problems.
C. Teachers make more money from parents.
D. Teachers are not well thought of by people.
B
Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had not legs but stumps（残肢）that could be fitted with a kind of special boots. People looked at him strangely. Children laughed at him and called him “Ape Man”（猿人）because his arms practically dragged on the ground.
Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from high school， he did part-time job while going to college. He swept floors， waited on table， or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life， he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.
Hank felt himself got cold all over. However， the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs（假腿）. Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror. For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be ― a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.
Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room ， and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor， but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.
When World War II came， he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job. He took the regular training. He marched and trained along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless.
This was the true story of Hank Viscardi， a man without legs.
39. Children laughed at Hank and called him “Ape Man” because ___ .
A. he didn’t talk to them
B. he kept away from them
C. his arms touched the ground when he moved
D. he couldn’t use his arms
40. It can be inferred from the story that five feet eight inches tall is ___ .
A. an average height for a fully grown person
B. too tall for an average person
C. too short for an average person
D. none of the above
41. The sentence “he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job” implies that the Red Cross ___ .
A. was only glad to give him a job
B. gave him a job because he was a good soldier
C. gave him a job after he talked to someone whom he knew in the organization
D. was not willing to give him a job at first
42. When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers， he ___ .
A. did everything the other soldiers did
B. did most of the things the other soldiers did
C. did some of the things the other soldiers did
D. took some special training
C
To be a good teacher， you need some of the talents of a good actor； you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience； you must be a clear speaker， with a good， strong， pleasing voice which is fully under your control； and you must be able to act what you are teaching， in order to make its meaning clear.
Watch a good teacher， and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time while he is teaching； he walks around， using his arms， hands and fingers to help him in his explanations， and his face to express feelings. Listen to him， you will hear the loudness and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
The fact that a good teacher has some of the talents of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will be able to act well on the stage， for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart； he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part， even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand（预先）. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play： they ask and answer questions， they follow orders， and if they don’t understand something， they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience， which is his class. He can’t learn his part by heart， but he must invent it as he teaches.
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
43. The word “audience” in the fourth paragraph means ___ .
A. students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who not on the stage
D. people who listen to something
44. A good teacher ___ .
A. stands or sits still while teaching
B. must have a good voice
C. knows how to act on the stage
D. knows how to hold the interest of his students
45. Which of the following is true according to the writer？
A. Teachers have to learn by heart what they are going to say in class.
B. A teacher cannot decide beforehand what exactly he is going to say in class.
C. A teacher must speak louder than an actor.
D. A teacher must have a better memory than an actor.
第三部分 写作（共四节， 满分55分）
第一节 任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的词。
When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not？
Why Difficult？
When we wrong someone we know， even not purposely， we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders， the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not only at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution（工作单位，机构）. It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart， or it can be stupid. So， readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmony―while an apology that is too little， too late， or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. Then， what is to be done？ How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly？
Why Now？
The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so， the United States in particular has developed an apology culture―apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles， cartoons， advice columns（专栏）， radio or television programs have similar suggestions about the subject of private apologies.
Why Bother？
Why do we apologize？ Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult， embarrassing， and even risky？ Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public announcement of any kind， their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly， leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology， there needs to be a good， strong reason. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.
Why Refuse？
Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize， even when a public apology seems to be in order？ Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public persons， their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be afraid that admission（坦白）of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for being tough in tough situations， as we shall see， but it is a high-risk strategy.
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
56. The little dog was found ____（被遗弃的）by the roadside.
57. It is three days’ ____（旅行）to get to Jiuzhaigou.
58. The next day the newspapers reported this international ____（事件）immediately.
59. The wedding ____（仪式）will be held this summer and I have sent a lot of invatations.
60. As a college student I was ____（幸运的）enough to visit many parts of the world.
61. The new law will be brought into practice by m of January 1.
62. Mary has a house with an a garden which makes her house even more beautiful.
63. Her parents died in the accident two years ago. Luckily she s .
64. He is so poor that he can’t a to buy a new bike.
65. Due to the economic depression， John has been out of e
for three months.
第三节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
One day I went to the market and find many 66. ___
beautiful bird in a few cages for sale. I heard 67. ___
two young men talked. One said， “I caught eight 68. ___
birds like these last Sunday， but not a single one 69. ___
was alive next morning.” Oh， God！ The birds 70. ___
are being killed. The number is reducing year to year. 71. ___
Birds， like other animals， is our friends. They eat a 72. ___
lot of pests and make our nature beautifully. 73. ___
So we must do something to protect it from being 74. ___
killed. We hope what everyone will care for them. 75. ___
第四节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如成都市下月将举办一个外国人才专场招聘会，你校准备借此机会聘请2名外籍英语老师。现在，请你根据下列内容，用英语写一个招聘广告：
1. 需要2名英语教师；
2. 教师年龄，身体状况，教学经验；
3. 工作量，薪资待遇；
4. 提供住房；
5. 应聘需要的有关资料。
注意：
1. 词数：120 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：teaching hours 课时 passport page 护照
photocopy 复印件
Native-English-speaking Teachers Are Wanted
Two native-English-speaking teachers